Land and Water Exercise Improves Balance

Falls are the leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries among the elderly; they represent a major health and socioeconomic problem that costs an estimated $7-10 billion per year. Age-related declines in muscle mass or sensorimotor systems may contribute to decreased balance and stability while walking. Recent studies have identified muscular weakness in the hip (abductors), knee (extensors/flexors) and ankle (dorsiflexors) muscles as being related to an elder's risk for falls.

New findings have found that balance, strength, and proprioception may be addressed in an aquatic environment as well as on land. Improvements in balance were achieved by lower body exercise in both mediums. The exercise protocol was administered 2 times a week for 6 weeks. This is a simple enough program that individuals can do this on their own or in a group setting. Improving balance in our older adults needs to become a priority as many falls can be prevented and loss of function as well as saving money for treatment can be avoided.

Carol Glasscock, MS, PT